Garden Doctor

Soaking the lawn with soapy water will bring the larvae and adults to the surface when they can then be collected by hand.

Dig over vegetable bed and remove by hand.

When treating a lawn contact insecticide can be used in spring when the larvae are near the surface. 

Baythroid Lawn and Grub Insecticide, Chemspray Chlorban and GK Grubkil are all good products

There is no chemical control against larvae that are eating your other plants.

Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

If the ants nest appears to be under your paving then a kettle of boiling water poured into the gaps between the paving will help.  Take care when carrying boiling water to keep it away from children and pets.

Keep ants away from infested plants by painting the tree trunks (if stems are sensitive make collar) with sticky substances such as Tanglefoot. 

Check the sticky bands regularly and stir in dead ants and debris so the surface remains sticky.

Make sure that the branches are trimmed to keep them away from other plants and structures to prevent the ants finding an alternate route.

Baits are a key tool in managing ants and they contain a mix of sweet food and insecticide. The worker ants take the mix back to feed the ants in the nest. 

There are various types of baits, in liquid, gel or solid form, one of the least toxic contains boric acid.

Blast them off with a jet of water, spray with soapy water,remove weeds from around plant or squash them between your fingers. Can also make your own natural insecticide made with garlic and cayenne pepper. Control the ants to allow natural predators to take over.Larvae of the green lacewing are wide-ranging predators that will attack and eat almost any small insects or eggs. Lacewing larvae are particularly effective at controlling aphids and can consume 60 aphids in an hour. These are available commercially. Spray with a systemic or contact insecticide depending on plant and where the aphids are feeding. Systemic Insecticides:-Confidor, Folimat Contact Insecticides: Pyrethrum.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Confidor is know to be harmful to bees and should only be used on plants that are not in flower. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Pest Oil works very well. although it is petroleum based, it is the most effective and organic in that it is not absorbed into the plant, but just spreads a film over the insects and suffocates them. the oil then naturally biodegrades.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

The best option is to use a systemic insecticide. It is important to note that Confidor should NOT be used whilst the Azalea are in flower. Confidor is harmful to bees, it affects the homing abilities.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Prune off infected leaves Use a systemic insecticide - note that Confidor has been shown to be hazardous to bees and should not be used when the plant is in flower.

Inspect regularly and remove damaged leaves as soon as they appear. Aim not to plant beans every year.Use a contact chemical insecticide each week from planting to flowering. The aim being to prevent any eggs being laid on the leaves. Can use a pyrethrum based insecticide like Pyrethrum or a Tau-fluvalinate based insectide like Mavrik.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

See aphidsNote: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Confidor is know to be harmful to bees and should only be used on plants that are not in flower. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

The adults can be removed by hand and drop in bucket of soapy water ( wear gloves the insects leave a yellow/brown stain) - It is easier to remove them when they are still at the orange nymph stage as they are easier to see. Some people recommend removal using a vacuum cleaner, but don't use your best cleaner!The best time for chemical control is during winter /early spring whilst the bugs are in an early nymph stage, thin, green and fragile. Use Pest Oil to spray tree, aiming for the underside of leaves where the young hide. Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Treatment of the tree will depend on its size. If the tree is very large then reduce the stress and improve the health of the tree. If the tree is small then Pest Oils, contact or Systemic are possible option. Of course will also need to improve the tree's health at the same time.If you cant save the tree and need to remove then replace it with a resistant species

The best time to control these mite is before they hatch. During winter spray the trees with White Oil - pay special attention to rough areas of bark and the forks in tree. If application was missed or unsuccessful use a miticide as soon as mites are detected, try wettable sulphur.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

This can be a difficult pest to control because once the larvae has tunneled into the flower or bud it is protected from insecticides. If there are only a few they can be removed by hand. Fortunately there is an effective biological control, however it needs to be used every 7-10 days over a several weeks to catch the larvae before they start tunnelling. This control is called Dipel it is a pathogenic biological control, the bacteria cause paralysis of the larvae's digestive track and stops it eating and dies. This will not cause any damage to any other insects or animals. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

If a small infestation then blast them out with a fine jet of water or squash between fingertips. Undersow with clover which will deter them getting a foothold. If thats too late then spray with Confidor. Two sprays a week apart are required and ensure you get into every little crevice. Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Confidor is know to be harmful to bees and should only be used on plants that are not in flower or next to plants that are in flower. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Organic /non Chemical controls work well against this insect. Dipel is a biological insecticide that damages the gut cells of the larvae to stops them feeding; this is sprayed over crops. Derris dust is a natural insecticide and can be dusted over infected plants.Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed. Chemical options would be to use a Tau-fluvalinate based insecticide like Mavrik.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Use Organic/ non-chemical alternatives to control these insects. DiPel should be sprayed on plants at first signs of caterpillars feeding. Dipel is a biological insecticide that damages the gut cells of the larvae to stops them feeding.Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed. Chemical options would be to use a Tau-fluvalinate based insecticide like Mavrik. Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

If only a few they can be removed by hand. Alternatively, use organic / non chemical options, DiPel or Derris Dust. Dipel is a biological insecticide that damages the gut cells of the larvae to stops them feeding. Derris Dust - Controls most chewing and sucking insect pests, including caterpillars, on vegetables and flowers. It is particularly effective against white butterfly.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove by hand and leave for the birds to enjoy. Throw a damp hessian cloth over the lawn at night, in the morning the grubs congregating under the cloth can be removed. When digging your veggie patch or transferring compost it is worth removing the grubs whenever you see them. You can pour soapy water over the lawn to bring them to the surface. Adults tend to have moved on by the time the devastion is noticed and spraying is them too late.

The only form of control is to remove and destroy the infected branches and twigs before the 31st August. This date is chosen to ensure that the branches are removed before any of the wasps are able to hatch. The galls need to be burnt or placed in a black plastic bag in the sun for several days to ensure the wasps have killed. Do not put them in your compost or dispose of until you have killed the adults.

The best solution is to stop the adult moth laying eggs into the new leaves. Spraying the new growth with Pest Oil will prevent the adult landing on the leaf and laying her eggs. It is only necessary to spray the new leaves as the adult cannot make a hole in the tough older leaves. You will need to spray the new growth regularly during the main growing season.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Removal and destruction of fallen infested fruit. Attach cardboard strips around tree and main branches to encourage larvae to pupate in these areas - these can then be removed.Codling Moths traps are available these are used more to monitor the insects and decide the best time to spray. Total exclusion netting can be used. Fruit protection bags have been developed to protect individual fruit. Trichogramma carverae are minute wasps that parasitise the moth eggs and have been successful in controlling moth populations. These are available commercially.Chemical control is required from when the blossoms fall to when the fruit is harvested, spraying every 10 to 14 days. Lebaycid used to be the chemical of choice but as of 1st November 2012 it is now illegal to use this chemical. Folimat is still available. Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove by hand and place in bucket of soapy water. Spray bugs with soapy water (breaks down the waxy coat) - best in middle of the day whilst the bugs are enjoying the heat of the sun.Chemical sprays that have proved effective Yates Confidor. It is now known that Confidor is harmful to bees and should only be used on plants that are not in flower or next to plants that are in flower.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

They are very easy to remove by hand.

Can be removed by hand - but make sure you wear gloves and wear protective clothing.If smaller trees are affected then they can be sprayed with Dipel or a Contact insecticide. Larger trees are harder to treat and in most cases can just be left.

In beds: Before planting remove by hand any grubs found in the soil or compost. Depending on the state of the plant it will have to be thrown it away or after checking for grubs moved to another area. Then clear the area of curl grubs, soft roots and other plants before soaking the bed and leaving it for several weeks to break the cycle before planting again.Tea Tree Oil and Neem Oil have been used successfully - follow the instruction carefully but remember this will also affect the good bugs in the soil.In Lawns: It is harder to see them. Water lawn with biodegradable detergent and within 10mins the grubs will come to the surface, they can be removed by hand or left for the birds to eat. Alternatively if the area is only small, throw a wet hessian sack over the affected area, leave over night, in the morning the grubs can be collected and destroyed. Grubs like the soil to be dry so keep the lawn well watered.

Earwig traps can be made by crumpling damp newspaper in an upturned flower pot and placing it on pole close to the plants it has been feeding on. Each morning empty the earwigs into soapy water. Alternatively, leave a damp newspaper on the ground close to the plants and empty each morning into soapy water. Unless they are destroying your crops there seems little need to use chemicals but if you do then Baythroid is registered for the control of earwigs - do not spray directly on plant but around the base.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

The damage may not look very pretty but the insects are unlikely to kill the tree. Encourage birds into your garden as they love feeding on the larvae. If the tree is small, the insects can be removed by hand or squirted off with water. In severe cases chemicals can be used - speak to your local horticulturalist for the best option for your case.

For low levels of fruit flies, beer or sugar solution traps may be all you need.Prune trees regularly to a height that makes fruit picking easy.Use Fruit Fly traps to show presence of Fruit Fly and when to start spraying. It is important to spray the fruit before eggs have been laid, once in fruit the skin offers protection to the developing larvae. Total exclusion netting can be used. Fruit protection bags have been developed to protect individual fruit. Options : Yates Natures Way Fruit Fly Control (Non Chemical). Lebaycid used to be the chemical of choice but as of 1st November 2012 it is now illegal to use this chemical. Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Prune off damaged branches. Improve the health of tree, water and fertilise (if tree is an Australian native use low phosphate fertliser)Prize out with a fine wire, blast out with a jet of water or WD40. If the tree is badly damaged removal may be your only option.

Unless populations are high, grasshopper numbers are kept in check by natural predators. Netting over plants can prevent them getting to the plants . Neem Oil can be used as a deterrent. Chemicals sprays can be used as a last resort.Yates Lebaycid is registered for the control of grasshoppers.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Blast them off with a jet of water, spray with soapy water,remove weeds from around plant or squash them between your fingers. Can also make your own natural insecticide made with garlic and cayenne pepper. Control the ants to allow natural predators to take over.In the warmer months biological controls are available. Larvae of the green lacewing are wide-ranging predators that will attack and eat almost any small insects or eggs. Lacewing larvae are particularly effective at controlling aphids and can consume 60 aphids in an hour. These are available commercially. Spray with a systemic or contact insecticide depending on plant and where the aphids are feeding. Systemic Insecticides:-Confidor, Folimat Contact Insecticides: Pyrethrum.Plants affected by virus should be removed and destroyed.Confidor is know to be harmful to bees and should only be used on plants that are not in flower or next to plants that are in flower.

Smaller trees can be sprayed with a contact insecticide mixed with a wetting agent. For larger trees improve the health.

Observe plant carefully for signs of crawlers and then spray with Pest Oil. Chilocorus ladybird beetles are important predators of many species of scale insects. These are available commercially.If you would rather not use chemicals, small infestations can be removed by hand either rub the scale off leaves or smooth stems or brush vigorously with an old toothbrush to remove scale from older branches. Remove and destroy heavily infested branches.If you prefer to use chemicals then once the scale is attached and feeding the most effective method of control is to use a mix of Pest Oil and Pyrethrum ie Yates Scale Gun. Apply every 2-3 weeks.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove beetles by hand. Prune badly infested flowers. Collect and destroy all fallen flowers and buds. If you cannot see any sign of beetles, the flowers may be dropping for other non pest related reasons, maybe the ground is too dry or there has been a sudden cold period during spring. In which case watering and feeding the plant will help.Chemical sprays have proved effective. Yates Confidor is no longer an option as it is now known that Confidor is harmful to bees and should not be used when a plant is in flower or next to plants that are in flower. Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

The larvae pupate after 2-3 days and cause only a small amount of damage to the leaves. Leave them to pupate and enjoy the butterflies when they emerge.

Place a blanket across area at night and take up in the morning , remove and destroy all caterpillars hiding under blanket. Spray the unaffected healthy grass with Dipel. This biological control, once ingested it will kill all hairless caterpillars. It is safe for all beneficial insects and mammals. It is only active for a few days so several applications may be necessary.Chemical spray options: Cyfluthrin based product like Yates Baythroid.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

There is usually no need to control these as the damage tends to be slight. In cases of severe infestation and damage the non chemical option would be Success Naturalyte Insect Control(derived from naturally occurring beneficial soil bacteria. Pyrethrum based insecticides can also be used.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Leaf miner are difficult to control because the larvae tunnel within the leaf and are protected from contact insectides.In many cases the plants are not severely affected, keep the plant healthy, water well and fertilise and remove any infected leaves.There is a commercially available parasitic wasp that will kill leaf miner in the mine.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

If the tree does not look too unwell then try to improve the tree's health. If the tree looks very sick the only option will be to remove it.

If the damage is slight remove the caterpillars by hand. If more severe then spray with Dipel(biological insecticide that damages the gut cells of the larvae to stops them feeding)Trichogramma pretiosum is a minute parasite wasp the parasitises the eggs. It is available commercially.Note: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove bugs by hand. Prune away infected branches, if a pot plant is too badly infected it may be better to just throw it away.Control the ants to allow natural predators to eat the bugs. Green Lacewing are good at controlling Mealybugs. Cryptolaemus are Australian native ladybird beetles. They are very efficient natural enemies of mealybugs.Can use Pest Oil or an Omethoate based insecticide like Folimat.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove by Hand. Clear up any damp areas with rotting organic material.Methiocarb based pesticide (Baysol) has been shown to be effective against millipedes.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

They tend not to be a huge problem. Remove by hand There is a commercially available contact insecticide, this is very toxic and not recommended.

Plant species that seem to be more resistant to psyllid attacks ie Acmena smithii and Syszgium luehmannii. Watch the new growth and spray with a systemic insecticide like Confidor but only when the plant is not in flower.Systemic insecticide sprays have proved effective. Yates Confidor is no longer recommended as it is now known that Confidor is harmful to bees and should only be used when a plant is NOT in flower. Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

The solution chosen will depend on the size of the infestation and the affect it is having on the plant. If there are only few present then the scale can be wiped off. At the crawler stage Pest Oils can be used and 'TangleFoot' to form a barrier against climbing insects including the ants. Adults - if there are too many to wipe off then use a systemic insecticide - it may take 2-3 applications

Remove infected leaves. Ensure soil is high in nutrients and banked up around the plant. Remove all weeds. Harvest early and make sure all potatoes are taken from the soil. Derris Dust - active ingredient Rotenone is made from natural root extract (toxic only to fish) Spray with Omethoate based insecticide like FolimatNote: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

If you haven't got your garden fenced then the only option is bird netting (and a letter to the local council to organise humane culling)

Monitor the new growth and at the first sign of crawlers spray with Pest Oil. Check regularly during October and March.It is possible to purchase Parasitic wasps to devour the insects. Aphytis are tiny yellow wasps they lay their eggs under the scale cover, on hatching the larvae feed on the red scale.Small infestations can be removed by hand either rub the scale off leaves or smooth stems or brush vigorously with an old toothbrush to remove scale from older branches. Remove and destroy heavily infested branches.NOTE: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove and destroy all infected plants.Leave the area fallow for up 1 year (aim to starve the nematodes)Add organic matter that will contain 'good' nematodes that will feed on the 'bad onesPlant crops that are resistant to nematodes - Brassicas ( ie cabbage, cauliflower) onions and corn Plant flowers that nematodes find toxic. Marigolds are one such plant however these are not toxic to all nematodes.There are nematicides available but these are very toxic and not recommended for domestic use.

It is important to control hard scales as their numbers can increase in number rapidly during the warmer months and stress the plant.Spray the stems with Lime Sulphur during winter, this will cause the scale to dry out and die. During the warmer months spray with Pest Oil every 10-14 days, the aim is to kill the young 'Crawler' nymphs as they leave the protection of the parent scale and migrate to a new attachment site on the plant.

They tend not to be a huge problem and can often be kept in control but cleaning up damp area and removing any hiding places. Spread lime or Napthalene flakes or spray with Eucalyptus. Note: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove by hand at night. Set snail traps, various attractants can be used including beer. Various things can be used to create a barrier. The snails soft foot doesn't like travelling over anything that is gritty so sawdust, egg shells, sand and coffee grinds all make good barriers. Copper tape makes a good barrier, the snails get an electric shock when they try to cross the copper tape. Multiguard is an iron based snail and slug killer which can be used in areas withdogs, cats, birds and native fauna. The iron breaks down to a soil nutrient that won't harm earthworms.Baysol contains methiocarb and is available in a pellet form, it is effective but is toxic to some animals.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

The larvae can be removed by hand if infestation is small.Biological controls are available the most effective of these is Dipel. It comes in packets as dried bacteria which are reconstituted with water as per instructions. When ingested by the caterpillars it causes paralysis of the digestive track, the caterpillar stops feeding and after a few days dies.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Control the ants to allow the natural predators to control the scale.The 'crawlers' hatch in late March/April and in November. The leaves may appear to be covered with brown dust. At this stage spray with soapy water or pest oil. Once the scale are sedentary and feeding, a mix of systemic insecticide and pest oil seem to be most effective. Try Yates Scale Gun which contains a mix of oil and pyrethrins.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Manual removal is recommended for domestic gardens - gloved finger tips or a pair of pliers will do the job perfectly well.

If the tree is not badly infested then the larvae can be removed by hand and the branches carrying larvae can be pruned off.

The solution will depend on the size of the tree If the tree is small then infested branches can be removed and once it is established the lerps are still present then a systemic insecticide could be used. At the same time improve the health of the tree. If the tree is large then removing infested branches and the use of a systemic insecticide is impractical. Improve the health of tree if this doesn't seem to be working then remove tree and think about planting a resistant species in its place.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

In light infestations the scale can be scraped off by hand. Use a contact insecticide or Pest Oil at the crawler stage - need to apply every 2-3 weeks to ensure all crawlers have been killed

Thrips do not like hot sunny conditions.Monitor with Sticky Blue Monitoring padsSpray the plant with soapy water Montdorensis is an Australian predatory mite that feeds on thrips and is available commercially. Use a systemic insecticide either Confidor (active ingredient Imidacloprid) or Pyrethrum. Note that Confidor is harmful to bees, do not use Confidor when the plant is flowering.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove caterpillars by hand. Non-chemical options are to spray the leaves and flowers with Dipel or Spinosad (Yates Success Naturalyte). Reapply weekly and also after rain. Yates also have a product designed for tomato pests and diseases. Tomato dust contains sulphur against tomato mites, copper against any fungi and spinosad against insects.Note: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Lime sulphur can be used to control these mite. Yates also have a product designed for tomato pests and diseases. Tomato dust contains sulphur against tomato mites, copper against any fungi and spinosad against insects.Note: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove badly affected leaves, keep the area clear of weeds, water the plants from above.Organic option is the use of commercially available predatory mites eg Phtyoseiulus persimillis. Sulphur can be dusted on the plants before the weather gets too hot.Note: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Keep area clear of all weeds and other organic litter.Practice crop rotation - alternate plantings with unaffected crops like bean and peas.GK Derris Dust Note: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Lime Sulphur spray has been shown to help control these mites.Note: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

There are two non chemical options:Spray with Dipel as soon as caterpillars are seen. Respray weekly and after rain.Spray with a Spinosad based product ie Yates Success NaturalyteNote: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Hose them off in the first instance , spray with soapy water or Pest OilMontdorensis is an Australian predatory mite that feeds on thrips, whitefly, other small insects and mites is available commercially.Systemic chemical sprays also suitable are Confidor, Pyrethrum. Note the Confidor is known to be harmful to bees and should not be used on or around plants that are in flower.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Spray with Lime sulphur during winter.Note: Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.

Remove infested branches and rub off any small areas of scale. If removing by hand, wear gloves as the scale leave an orange stain. It is best to remove the scale in early spring before the eggs hatch and the crawlers leave the protection of the white scale. Spray with White Oil whilst the nymphs are still mobile in late spring. Once the scale have are stationery and protected by the cover a mix of oil and pyrethrums have shown to work.Note: Many chemicals sold can be harmful to other insects as well as some animals and in some cases, humans. Always read the manufacturers instructions and warnings before you begin and use as directed.